Time Expressions (Časové výrazy)
Master Czech time vocabulary including days, months, seasons, and telling time.
Days of the Week (Dny v týdnu)​
| Czech | English | Gender |
|---|---|---|
| pondělà | Monday | n |
| ĂşterĂ˝ | Tuesday | n |
| středa | Wednesday | f |
| ÄŤtvrtek | Thursday | m |
| pátek | Friday | m |
| sobota | Saturday | f |
| neděle | Sunday | f |
Using Days​
Use v + accusative to say "on" a day:
- v pondělà - on Monday
- v ĂşterĂ˝ - on Tuesday
- ve středu - on Wednesday (note the accusative change!)
- ve ÄŤtvrtek - on Thursday
Months (MÄ›sĂce)​
| Czech | English | Czech | English |
|---|---|---|---|
| leden | January | ÄŤervenec | July |
| Ăşnor | February | srpen | August |
| březen | March | zářà | September |
| duben | April | Ĺ™Ăjen | October |
| květen | May | listopad | November |
| ÄŤerven | June | prosinec | December |
Using Months​
Use v + locative to say "in" a month:
- v lednu - in January
- v Ăşnoru - in February
- v březnu - in March
- v zářà - in September (zářà is neuter!)
Gender Note
All months are masculine except zářà (September), which is neuter.
Seasons (RoÄŤnĂ obdobĂ)​
| Czech | English | Gender | "In the..." |
|---|---|---|---|
| jaro | spring | n | na jaře |
| léto | summer | n | v létě |
| podzim | autumn | m | na podzim |
| zima | winter | f | v zimÄ› |
Telling Time (Kolik je hodin?)​
Hours​
Czech uses different forms of hodina depending on the number:
| Time | Czech | Rule |
|---|---|---|
| 1:00 | jedna hodina | singular |
| 2:00-4:00 | dvě/tři/čtyři hodiny | plural (2-4) |
| 5:00+ | pět/šest... hodin | genitive plural |
Quarter Hours​
| Time | Czech | Literal |
|---|---|---|
| 8:15 | čtvrt na devět | quarter to nine |
| 8:30 | půl deváté | half of the ninth |
| 8:45 | třičtvrtě na devět | three-quarters to nine |
Simple Alternative
You can also use digital-style time: osm patnáct (8:15), osm třicet (8:30).
Times of Day​
| Czech | English | Usage |
|---|---|---|
| ráno | morning | early morning |
| dopoledne | late morning | before noon |
| poledne | noon | midday |
| odpoledne | afternoon | after noon |
| veÄŤer | evening | evening |
| noc | night | nighttime |
Dates (Datum)​
Dates use ordinal numbers in the genitive case:
- 15. května = patnáctého května (15th of May)
- 1. ledna = prvnĂho ledna (1st of January)
Common Time Words​
| Czech | English |
|---|---|
| dnes | today |
| vÄŤera | yesterday |
| zĂtra | tomorrow |
| pozĂtřà | day after tomorrow |
| pĹ™edevÄŤĂrem | day before yesterday |
| minulý týden | last week |
| přÚtĂ mÄ›sĂc | next month |
| kaĹľdĂ˝ den | every day |
| celĂ˝ rok | all year |
Useful Expressions​
| Czech | English |
|---|---|
| Kolik je hodin? | What time is it? |
| V kolik hodin? | At what time? |
| Jak dlouho? | How long? |
| Kdy? | When? |
| za hodinu | in an hour |
| před týdnem | a week ago |