Personal Pronouns in Genitive
Personal pronouns in genitive are used for possession, after prepositions, and with verbs that require genitive.
Quick Reference
| Person | Nominative | Genitive (full) | Genitive (short) |
|---|
| I | já | mne | mě |
| you (sg.) | ty | tebe | tě |
| he | on | jeho/něho | ho/něj |
| she | ona | jí/ní | jí |
| it | ono | jeho/něho | ho |
| we | my | nás | nás |
| you (pl.) | vy | vás | vás |
| they | oni/ony | jich/nich | jich |
| Short (unstressed) | Long (stressed) |
|---|
| me | mě | mne |
| you | tě | tebe |
| him/it | ho | jeho |
| her | jí | jí |
| us | nás | nás |
| you (pl) | vás | vás |
| them | jich | jich |
- Short forms = after prepositions, normal usage
- Long forms = emphasis, at start of clause
After Prepositions: Add N-
After prepositions, third-person pronouns add n-:
| Without preposition | After preposition |
|---|
| Bojím se ho. | Bojím se kvůli němu. |
| Bojím se jí. | Jdu bez ní. |
| Bojím se jich. | Jdu vedle nich. |
Examples with Prepositions
| Czech | English |
|---|
| bez něho/něj | without him |
| bez ní | without her |
| bez nich | without them |
| od něho | from him |
| od ní | from her |
| u něho | at his place |
| u ní | at her place |
| vedle mě | next to me |
| kvůli tobě | because of you |
First Person: Já → Mě/Mne
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| mě | after prepositions | bez mě, vedle mě |
| mne | emphatic, start of clause | Mne se neptej! |
Examples
| Czech | English |
|---|
| bez mě | without me |
| vedle mě | next to me |
| kvůli mně | because of me |
| u mě | at my place |
| od mě | from me |
Second Person: Ty → Tě/Tebe
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| tě | after most prepositions | bez tě, vedle tě |
| tebe | emphatic | Kvůli tebe! |
Examples
| Czech | English |
|---|
| bez tebe | without you |
| vedle tebe | next to you |
| kvůli tobě | because of you |
| u tebe | at your place |
| od tebe | from you |
Third Person: On/Ona/Oni
He/It: On/Ono → Jeho/Ho/Něho
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| ho | with verbs | Bojím se ho. |
| jeho | emphatic | Jeho se nebojím! |
| něho/něj | after preposition | bez něho, vedle něj |
She: Ona → Jí/Ní
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| jí | with verbs | Bojím se jí. |
| ní | after preposition | bez ní, vedle ní |
They: Oni → Jich/Nich
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| jich | with verbs | Bojím se jich. |
| nich | after preposition | bez nich, vedle nich |
Examples
| Czech | English |
|---|
| bez něho | without him |
| u něho | at his place |
| od něj | from him |
| bez ní | without her |
| u ní | at her place |
| bez nich | without them |
| vedle nich | next to them |
Reflexive: Se → Sebe
| Form | Usage | Example |
|---|
| sebe | after prepositions, emphatic | Myslí jen na sebe. |
| Czech | English |
|---|
| Myslí jen na sebe. | He thinks only of himself. |
| Je to pro sebe? | Is it for yourself? |
| Bojí se sebe sama. | She's afraid of herself. |
When you need to say "of mine," "of yours," etc.:
| Whose? | Genitive |
|---|
| my/mine | mého/mé |
| your/yours (sg.) | tvého/tvé |
| his | jeho |
| her/hers | jejího/její |
| our/ours | našeho/naší |
| your/yours (pl.) | vašeho/vaší |
| their/theirs | jejich |
Common Phrases
| Czech | English |
|---|
| Bez tebe nemůžu žít. | I can't live without you. |
| U nás doma. | At our home. |
| Od něho/od něj. | From him. |
| Kvůli tobě. | Because of you. |
| Vedle mě. | Next to me. |
| Bojím se ho. | I'm afraid of him. |
| Ptám se jí. | I'm asking her. |
Practice
Complete with the correct pronoun:
- Jdu bez ___ (he) →
- Sedí vedle ___ (I) →
- Je to od ___ (she) →
- Kvůli ___ (you sg.) →
- Bojím se ___ (they) →
- U ___ doma (we) →
Check Answers
- Jdu bez něho/něj (after prep → n-)
- Sedí vedle mě (after prep)
- Je to od ní (after prep → n-)
- Kvůli tobě (after prep)
- Bojím se jich (with verb, no prep)
- U nás doma (after prep)
Summary Table
| Person | With Verb | After Preposition |
|---|
| me | mě | mě, mne |
| you (sg.) | tě | tebe |
| him/it | ho | něho, něj |
| her | jí | ní |
| us | nás | nás |
| you (pl.) | vás | vás |
| them | jich | nich |
Next Steps